Indiana

Indiana is a borough in and the county seat of Indiana County in the U.S. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. The population was 13,564 at the 2020 census, and since 2013 has been part of the Pittsburgh metropolitan area. The borough and the region as a whole promote itself as the "Christmas Tree Capital of the World" because the national Christmas Tree Growers Association was founded there. The largest employer in the borough today is Indiana University of Pennsylvania, the second-largest of 14 PASSHE schools in the state. Indiana was the birthplace and hometown of actor Jimmy Stewart (1908-1997), who was born there and lived at 104 North 7th Street. The Downtown Indiana Historic District was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1993. Three iron foundries operated in Indiana at different times between 1851 and 1948. McCreary Tire and Rubber opened a plant in Indiana in 1914, and has its main office in Indiana. There is a Pennsylvania state historical marker for author Edward Abbey (1927-1989) who was raised in Indiana and near the Indiana County towns and villages of Saltsburg, Home, and Tanoma. On May 20, 1983, Stewart was given a 75th birthday celebration by the town. Despite the fact that he left the area upon graduating from high school, the town always followed his career closely, with the local newspaper periodically publishing rumors in his later years that Stewart planned to return there to live. The town annually holds a Jimmy Stewart film festival as part of its "It's a Wonderful Life" holiday celebration.

History

Indiana was founded in 1805 to be the new county's seat from a grant of land by Founding Father George Clymer. On at least one occasion, an anti-slavery mob in Indiana rescued a fugitive slave from extradition back to slavery in the South. The town was also where James Moorhead, a local abolitionist leader, published several anti-Slavery newspapers. The Downtown Indiana Historic District was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1993. The Indiana Weekly Messenger was published in the town between 1874 and 1946. Also listed are Breezedale, Buffalo, Rochester & Pittsburgh Railway Indiana Passenger Station, Silas M. Clark House, Graff's Market, James Mitchell House, Old Indiana County Courthouse, Indiana Borough 1912 Municipal Building, Indiana Armory,Old Indiana County Jail and Sheriff's Office, and John Sutton Hall. The Independent was published by his son J. W. Moorhead after his death in 1857. The first of these was The Clarion of Freedom, founded by Moorhead in 1843, which he sold and founded the Indiana Independent, which was published from 1857 until his death. The last of these newspapers was The Independent, founded in 1946, which Moorhead also sold and was published until his son's death in 1958. It was published between 1946 and 1959. It is located in Indiana County, which in turn gets its name from the "Indiana grant" of the First Treaty of Fort Stanwix. Indiana County is now a part of the state of Ohio.

Economy

McCreary Tire and Rubber opened a plant in Indiana in 1914. McCreary was renamed to Specialty Tires of America in 1992, and has its main office in Indiana. Three iron foundries operated in Indiana at different times between 1851 and 1948. Two of the foundries were based in Indiana; the third was based in Ohio. The last iron foundry to operate in Indiana was located in Ohio, and closed in 1948. The foundries are still in operation today, but no longer in Indiana, and have moved to Ohio and Ohio. They are no longer located in Indiana or Ohio, but are in Ohio and Illinois, and are now based in Illinois and Ohio, respectively. They were founded in 1851, and opened in 1852, and 1854, respectively, in Indiana and Illinois. They have since closed all but one of their Indiana plants, including the last one in 1948, and moved to Illinois. The remaining two are based in Michigan and Ohio; they were opened in 1954 and 1956, and were closed in 1958 and 1959, respectively, The last foundry in Indiana opened in 1948; it was in Indiana until the end of the Second World War, when it was moved to Michigan. It is now located in Michigan, and was opened in 1959. It has a plant that makes tires for the U.S. Air Force. It was renamed Specialty Tire and rubber in 1992. It also has a tire manufacturing plant in Michigan; it is based in Indianapolis and has an office in Michigan.

Geography

Indiana, Pennsylvania is located at 40°3716N 79°918W (40.6211, -79.1549). The borough is an independent municipality surrounded by White Township. For some time in the 1990s there was discussion of merging the borough and township, but the matter was never acted upon. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the borough has a total area of 1.8 square miles (4.7 km²), all of it land. The borough was founded in 1838. It was named after Indiana, Pennsylvania, a town in the state's eastern part. It is located on the Pennsylvania Turnpike, which runs through the borough. The town was named for Indiana, a city in the county's western part, which was once known as the Indiana Turnpikes. The turnpike was once called the Indiana River TurnPike, after the town's name. The name was later changed to Indiana, and the name was changed again to Indiana. It has been known as Indiana since 1838, when the town was founded. The current name was given in honor of Indiana,  Pennsylvania, which is located in the western part of the state. The city's name is derived from Indiana, where it was once the name of the village of Indiana. The word Indiana  means "home" or "place" in German, and is used to refer to the town of Indiana in the United States. It also means "town of Indiana", which is also known as "Indiana".

Climate

Indiana has a humid continental climate (Köppen Dfb), with warm summers and cold, snowy winters. Precipitation is highest in the summer months, falling as snow usually between November and April. The state has a high level of humidity, with more than 80% of the population living in the humid continental region. It has a low level of global warming, with less than 1% of people living in areas that have more than 1.5 inches of annual sunshine. The average temperature in the state is °C (°F), and the average annual rainfall is 1.6 inches (38.5 mm) The state's average annual temperature is  °F (°C), with the highest average monthly rainfall of 1.7 inches (39.7 mm). The average annual snowfall is 2.3 inches (75 mm), which falls in the winter months. The coldest month of the year is November, with the coldest winter months of January and February. The warmest month is March, with an average of 3.2 inches (76 cm) of snowfall (1.4 m) per year. The highest monthly temperature is September, with a average of 3.7 degrees (81 m), which is the warmest summer month of all US states. The lowest monthly average temperature is August, with only 1.3 inches (62 mm) of snow (1 in the summer months).

Demographics

As of the census of 2010, there were 13,975 people, and 4,624 households residing in the borough. The population density in 2000 was 8,440.0 people per square mile (3,267.6/km²) The racial makeup of the borough was 91.51% White, 5.19% African American, 0.07% Native American, 1.89% Asian,0.02% Pacific Islander, and 0.44% from other races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.20% of the population. The median income for a household in the Borough was $21,279, and $47,768 for a family. About 11.2% of families and 44.1% of residents were below the poverty line, including 14.3% of those under age 18 and 11.5% ofThose age 65 or over. The borough is located on the New Jersey Turnpike, which runs from New Jersey to New Jersey. It is one of the most densely populated boroughs in the United States, with a population of about 13,000 people. The average household size is 2.29 and the average family size was 2.81. The city's population is about 8,000, and it has a population density of 8,500 people per sq mile (2,887.6 per km²). The borough has a median age of 22 years, and the median age for a person is 22.8 years.

Education

Indiana University of Pennsylvania (or IUP) is a public university founded in 1875, originally founded as Indiana Normal School. The Indiana Area School District supports four neighborhood elementary schools (Eisenhower, Horace Mann, East Pike, and Ben Franklin), a junior high school (Indiana Area Junior High School), and a high school. A Catholic-affiliated Pre-K through grade 6 program is offered at the St. Bernard School, in addition to other various parochial schools for different denominations. The non-profit IndiKids or (Indiana County Child Day Care Centers) offers NAEYC-accredited care for children of students and community members on the campus of IUP and throughout the community. Early care and education programs for pre-k children are available. The school district also offers a variety of after-school programs for children as young as six years old. The district has a number of sports teams, including the Indiana Fever, the Indiana Pacers, and the Indiana Hoosiers. The high school team is known as the Hoosier Hoosies. The football team has been known to win national championships. The basketball team has won two national championships and one Indiana state championship. The team has also won a national championship in the NCAA Division I Women's Division I Football Championship. The men's team has claimed two national titles and one Pennsylvania state championship in football. The women's team won a state title in the Women's Basketball Championship in the 2010-11 season.

Local media

Indiana is served by two television markets: Pittsburgh and Johnstown-Altoona. Indiana's local newspaper is the Indiana Gazette. Indiana is also home to several radio stations: Indiana Public Radio, Indiana Public Television, and Indiana Public Broadcasting. Indiana has a population of 1.2 million. Indiana was founded in 1858. It is the oldest state in the United States. It has been home to the U.S. Army since 1859. It was the site of World War I and the Battle of the Bulge. The state's first newspaper was published in 1854. The Indiana Gazette is published in Indiana every day. It's also published in Ohio, Kentucky, and Illinois. It also has a radio station in Indiana, the Indiana Public radio Network, which airs on stations in Ohio and Kentucky. It airs on the following stations: Indianapolis, Louisville, and Fort Wayne. The station is also available on satellite radio in Kentucky and Ohio. The radio station is based in Fort Wayne, Indiana and has a transmitter in Indiana City, Indiana. It can be heard on the radio station's transmitter in the town of Fort Wayne-Cleveland, Indiana, as well as in the city's surrounding areas. It broadcasts on several frequencies, including FM, AM, FM, and FM2. In addition to radio, Indiana is home to two radio stations in the Ohio Valley, the station broadcasts on the Ohio River, and the Indiana River, the river's tributary to the Ohio Turnpike.

Air Quality, Water Quality, Superfund Sites & UV Index

The Air Quality index is in Indiana, Indiana County, Pennsylvania = 82. These Air Quality index is based on annual reports from the EPA. Higher values are better (100=best). The number of ozone alert days is used as an indicator of air quality, as are the amounts of seven pollutants including particulates, carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, lead, and volatile organic chemicals. The Water Quality Index is 69. A measure of the quality of an area’s water supply as rated by the EPA. Higher values are better (100=best). The EPA has a complex method of measuring the watershed quality, using 15 indicators such as pollutants, turbidity, sediments, and toxic discharges. The Superfund Sites Index is 99. Higher is better (100=best). Based upon the number and impact of EPA Superfund pollution sites in the county, including spending on the cleanup efforts. The UV Index in Indiana = 3.5 and is a measure of an area's exposure to the sun's ultraviolet rays. This is most often a combination of sunny weather, altitude, and latitude. The UV Index has been defined by the WHO (www.who.int/news-room/questions-and-answers/item/radiation-the-ultraviolet-(uv)-index) and is uniform worldwide.

Employed

The most recent city population of 13,564 individuals with a median age of 23.3 age the population dropped by -1.10% in Indiana, Indiana County, Pennsylvania population since 2000 and are distributed over a density of 7,984.08 residents per square mile of area (3,082.17/km²). There are average 2.19 people per household in the 4,917 households with an average household income of $24,738 a year. The unemployment rate in Alabama is 7.70% of the available work force and has dropped -1.18% over the most recent 12-month period and the projected change in job supply over the next decade based on migration patterns, economic growth, and other factors will increase by 29.94%. The number of physicians in Indiana per 100,000 population = 140.3.

Weather

The annual rainfall in Indiana = 45.3 inches and the annual snowfall = 50.2 inches. The annual number of days with measurable precipitation (over .01 inch) = 158. The average number of days per year that are predominantly sunny = 161. 83 degrees Fahrenheit is the average daily high temperature for the month of July and 18.5 degrees Fahrenheit is the average daily low temperature for the month of January. The Comfort Index (higher=better) is 54, where higher values mean a more pleasant climate. The Comfort Index measure recognizes that humidity by itself isn't the problem. (Have you noticed nobody ever complains about the weather being 'cold and humid?) It's in the summertime that we notice the humidity the most, when it's hot and muggy. Our Comfort Index uses a combination of afternoon summer temperature and humidity to closely predict the effect that the humidity will have on people.

Median Home Cost

The percentage of housing units in Indiana, Indiana County, Pennsylvania which are owned by the occupant = 34.52%. A housing unit is a house, apartment, mobile home, or room occupied as separate living quarters. The average age of homes = 54 years with median home cost = $139,490 and home appreciation of -1.88%. This is the value of the years most recent home sales data. Its important to note that this is not the average (or arithmetic mean). The median home price is the middle value when you arrange all the sales prices of homes from lowest to highest. This is a better indicator than the average, because the median is not changed as much by a few unusually high or low values. The property tax rate of $16.74 shown here is the rate per $1,000 of home value. If for simplification for example the tax rate is $14.00 and the home value is $250,000, the property tax would be $14.00 x ($250,000/1000), or $3500. This is the 'effective' tax rate.

Study

The local school district spends $7,588 per student. There are 13.1 students for each teacher in the school, 501 students for each Librarian and 300 students for each Counselor. 3.76% of the area’s population over the age of 25 with an Associate Degree or other 2-year college degree, 15.94% with a master’s degree, Ph.D. or other advanced college degree and 19.86% with high school diplomas or high school equivalency degrees (GEDs).